Avasimibe

Avasimibe at concentration of 1μg/mL causes reduction of Total cholesterol (TC) and Esterified cholesterol (EC) through inhibiting LDL binding and decreasing scavenger receptor numbers during foam cell formation in human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMMs). Avasimibe at concentration of 2μg/mL enhances cholesterol efflux from established HMM foam cells preincubating with 10μg/ml LDL. ^[1] Avasimibe inhibits Lipoprotein(a) accumulation in the culture media of primary monkey hepatocyte in a dose-dependent manner with 11.9% -31.3% inhibition, the change is mainly associated with decreased ApoA. ^[2] Avasimibe incubating at concentration of 10 nM, 1 μM, and 10 μM for 24 hours in HepG2 cells reduce ApoB secretion into media by 25%, 27%, and 43%, respectively. Avasimibe decreases ApoB secretion by enhanced intracellular degradation of ApoB rather than decreased synthesis of ApoB. ^[3] Avasimibe inhibits ACTC with IC50 of 3.3 μM in IC-21 macrophages with consideration of the total inhibitor concentration in the assay sample. ^[4] Avasimibe inhibits human P450 isoenzymes CYP2C9, CYP1A2 and CYP2C19 with IC50 of 2.9 μM, 13.9 μM and 26.5 μM, respectively. ^[5] Avasimibe inhibits ACAT-1 expression and cholesterol ester synthesis in glioma cell lines. Avasimibe inhibits the growth of the glioma cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis due to caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation. ^[6]